Pencil vs Plastic vs Wave

Pencil is a stationery and painting that was originally made of pure graphite. Plastic includes polymerization products of synthetic or semi-synthetic. The waves are waves traveling through the surface of seas, oceans, rivers, lakes, canals, etc. Who will win?

Pencil

Pencil is a stationery and painting that was originally made of pure graphite. The writing is done by scraping graphite onto the media. However, pure graphite tends to break easily, too soft, giving dirty effect when the media rub with your hands, and get your hands dirty when held. Because it then created a mixture of graphite with clay so that the composition harder. Furthermore, the composition of the mixture is wrapped with paper or wood.

For many years English graphite cornered the pencil-making industry because it was pure enough to use without further processing. Because the European graphite was inferior, pencil manufacturers there experimented with ways to improve pencil lead. French engineer Nicolas-Jacques Conté mixed powdered graphite with clay, forming the mixture into sticks, and burned it in the fireplace. By varying the ratio of graphite to clay, he was able to make leads that produced different shades of black-a process used until now.

In the 19th century, the manufacture of pencils into a big business. Graphite is found in several places, including Siberia, Germany, and is now called the Czech Republic. In Germany and then in the United States, a number of factories opened. Mechanization and mass production prices down, and at the beginning of the 20th century, even school children using a pencil.

Plastic

Plastic includes polymerization products of synthetic or semi-synthetic. They are formed of organic condensation or addition polymers and may also consist of other substances to improve performance or economics. There are few natural polymers including plastics. Plastics can be formed into a film or synthetic fiber. This name comes from the fact that many of them are "malleable", has a property of plasticity. Plastics are designed with very many variations in properties that can tolerate hot, hard, "reliency" and others. Coupled with the ability to adapt, the general composition and light weight ensure plastics are used in almost all industrial fields.
Ore pellets or plastic ready for further processing (injection molding, extrusion, etc.)

Plastics can also go to any goods that have character deformation or failure due to shear stress, see plasticity (physics) and ductile.

Plastics can be categorized in many ways but the most common by looking at the back-bone polymer (vinyl chloride {}, polyethylene, acrylic, silicone, urethane, etc.). Other classifications are also common.

Plastics are polymers; long chains of atoms bind to each other. This chain form many repetitive molecular units, or "monomers". Plastics are generally comprised of polymers of carbon alone or with oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine or sulfur in the backbone. (Some commercial interest are also based on silicon). Spine is part of the chain on the main route linking the monomer units to be unity. To set the properties of plastics different molecular groups "depend" on the spine (usually "hung" as part of the monomer before connecting the monomers together to form the polymer chain). This setup by the group "pendant" has made plastic becomes an integral part in the lives of 21st century by improving the properties of the polymer.

The development of plastics derived from the use of natural materials (such as chewing gum, "shellac") to the natural material chemically modified (such as natural rubber, "nitrocellulose") and finally to the molecule man-made (such as epoxy, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene).

Wave

The waves are waves traveling through the surface of seas, oceans, rivers, lakes, canals, etc.

We must distinguish two movements. The first oscillation means is moved by the wave, which in this case, as we have seen, is a circular motion. The second is the wave propagation which occurs because the energy is transmitted with it, transferring the phenomenon with a direction and speed, in this case called wave speed.

Actually a small net displacement of water in the direction of propagation occurs, since in each oscillation a molecule or particle does not return to exactly the same point, but another slightly forward (relative to the direction of wave propagation). It is for this reason that only the wind does not cause waves, but also surface currents.

The phenomenon is caused by the wind, whose friction with the water surface produces a certain drag, leading first to the formation of ripples (wrinkles) at the water surface, called waves or capillary waves, only a few millimeters high and to 1.7 cm wavelength. When the surface loses its smoothness, the friction effect is intensified and initial small ripples give way to gravity waves. Forces tending to restore the smooth surface shape of the water, and thereby cause the progress of deformation, are the surface tension and gravity. Capillary waves are essentially maintained only by surface tension, while gravity is the force that tense and moves the greatest waves.